西伯利亚雪橇标准

葡萄酒杯

Siberian Husky Breed Standard Working Group General Appearance The Siberian Husky is a medium-sized working dog, quick and light on his feet and free and graceful in action. His moderately compact and well furred body, erect ears and brush tail suggest his Northern heritage. His characteristic gait is smooth and seemingly effortless. He performs his original function in harness most capably, carrying a light load at a moderate speed over great distances. His body proportions and form reflect this basic balance of power, speed and endurance. The males of the Siberian Husky breed are masculine but never coarse; the *****es are feminine but without weakness of structure. In proper condition, with muscle firm and well developed, the Siberian Husky does not carry excess weight. Size, Proportion, Substance Height--Dogs, 21 to 23½ inches at the withers. Bitches, 20 to 22 inches at the withers. Weight--Dogs, 45 to 60 pounds. Bitches, 35 to 50 pounds. Weight is in proportion to height. The measurements mentioned above represent the extreme height and weight limits with no preference given to either extreme. Any appearance of excessive bone or weight should be penalized. In profile, the length of the body from the point of the shoulder to the rear point of the croup is slightly longer than the height of the body from the ground to the top of the withers. Disqualification--Dogs over 23½ inches and *****es over 22 inches. Head Expression is keen, but friendly; interested and even mischievous. Eyes almond shaped, moderately spaced and set a trifle obliquely. Eyes may be brown or blue in color; one of each or parti-colored are acceptable. Faults--Eyes set too obliquely; set too close together. Ears of medium size, triangular in shape, close fitting and set high on the head. They are thick, well furred, slightly arched at the back, and strongly erect, with slightly rounded tips pointing straight up. Faults--Ears too large in proportion to the head; too wide set; not strongly erect. Skull of medium size and in proportion to the body; slightly rounded on top and tapering from the widest point to the eyes. Faults--Head clumsy or heavy; head too finely chiseled. Stop--The stop is well-defined and the bridge of the nose is straight from the stop to the tip. Fault--Insufficient stop. Muzzle of medium length; that is, the distance from the tip of the nose to the stop is equal to the distance from the stop to the occiput. The muzzle is of medium width, tapering gradually to the nose, with the tip neither pointed nor square. Faults Muzzle either too snipy or too coarse; muzzle too short or too long. Nose black in gray, tan or black dogs; liver in copper dogs; may be flesh-colored in pure white dogs. The pink-streaked \"snow nose\" is acceptable. Lips are well pigmented and close fitting. Teeth closing in a scissors bite. Fault--Any bite other than scissors. Neck, Topline, Body Neck medium in length, arched and carried proudly erect when dog is standing. When moving at a trot, the neck is extended so that the head is carried slightly forward. Faults--Neck too short and thick; neck too long. Chest deep and strong, but not too broad, with the deepest point being just behind and level with the elbows. The ribs are well sprung from the spine but flattened on the sides to allow for freedom of action. Faults--Chest too broad; \"barrel ribs\"; ribs too flat or weak. Back--The back is straight and strong, with a level topline from withers to croup. It is of medium length, neither cobby nor slack from excessive length. The loin is taut and lean, narrower than the rib cage, and with a slight tuck-up. The croup slopes away from the spine at an angle, but never so steeply as to restrict the rearward thrust of the hind legs. Faults--Weak or slack back; roached back; sloping topline. Tail The well furred tail of fox-brush shape is set on just below the level of the topline, and is usually carried over the back in a graceful sickle curve when the dog is at attention. When carried up, the tail does not curl to either side of the body, nor does it snap flat against the back. A trailing tail is normal for the dog when in repose. Hair on the tail is of medium length and approximately the same length on top, sides and bottom, giving the appearance of a round brush. Faults--A snapped or tightly curled tail; highly plumed tail; tail set too low or too high. Forequarters Shoulders--The shoulder blade is well laid back. The upper arm angles slightly backward from point of shoulder to elbow, and is never perpendicular to the ground. The muscles and ligaments holding the shoulder to the rib cage are firm and well developed. Faults--Straight shoulders; loose shoulders. Forelegs--When standing and viewed from the front, the legs are moderately spaced, parallel and straight, with the elbows close to the body and turned neither in nor out. Viewed from the side, pasterns are slightly slanted, with the pastern joint strong, but flexible. Bone is substantial but never heavy. Length of the leg from elbow to ground is slightly more than the distance from the elbow to the top of withers. Dewclaws on forelegs may be removed. Faults--Weak pasterns; too heavy bone; too narrow or too wide in the front; out at the elbows. Feet oval in shape but not long. The paws are medium in size, compact and well furred between the toes and pads. The pads are tough and thickly cushioned. The paws neither turn in nor out when the dog is in natural stance. Faults--Soft or splayed toes; paws too large and clumsy; paws too small and delicate; toeing in or out. Hindquarters When standing and viewed from the rear, the hind legs are moderately spaced and parallel. The upper thighs are well muscled and powerful, the stifles well bent, the hock joint well-defined and set low to the ground. Dewclaws, if any, are to be removed. Faults--Straight stifles, cow-hocks, too narrow or too wide in the rear. Coat The coat of the Siberian Husky is double and medium in length, giving a well furred appearance, but is never so long as to obscure the clean-cut outline of the dog. The undercoat is soft and dense and of sufficient length to support the outer coat. The guard hairs of the outer coat are straight and somewhat smooth lying, never harsh nor standing straight off from the body. It should be noted that the absence of the undercoat during the shedding season is normal. Trimming of whiskers and fur between the toes and around the feet to present a neater appearance is permissible. Trimming the fur on any other part of the dog is not to be condoned and should be severely penalized. Faults--Long, rough, or shaggy coat; texture too harsh or too silky; trimming of the coat, except as permitted above. Color All colors from black to pure white are allowed. A variety of markings on the head is common, including many striking patterns not found in other breeds. Gait The Siberian Husky\'s characteristic gait is smooth and seemingly effortless. He is quick and light on his feet, and when in the show ring should be gaited on a loose lead at a moderately fast trot, exhibiting good reach in the forequarters and good drive in the hindquarters. When viewed from the front to rear while moving at a walk the Siberian Husky does not single-track, but as the speed increases the legs gradually angle inward until the pads are falling on a line directly under the longitudinal center of the body. As the pad marks converge, the forelegs and hind legs are carried straightforward, with neither elbows nor stifles turned in or out. Each hind leg moves in the path of the foreleg on the same side. While the dog is gaiting, the topline remains firm and level. Faults--Short, prancing or choppy gait, lumbering or rolling gait; crossing or crabbing. Temperament The characteristic temperament of the Siberian Husky is friendly and gentle, but also alert and outgoing. He does not display the possessive qualities of the guard dog, nor is he overly suspicious of strangers or aggressive with other dogs. Some measure of reserve and dignity may be expected in the mature dog. His intelligence, tractability, and eager disposition make him an agreeable companion and willing worker. Summary The most important breed characteristics of the Siberian Husky are medium size, moderate bone, well balanced proportions, ease and freedom of movement, proper coat, pleasing head and ears, correct tail, and good disposition. Any appearance of excessive bone or weight, constricted or clumsy gait, or long, rough coat should be penalized. The Siberian Husky never appears so heavy or coarse as to suggest a freighting animal; nor is he so light and fragile as to suggest a sprint-racing animal. In both ***es the Siberian Husky gives the appearance of being capable of great endurance. In addition to the faults already noted, the obvious structural faults common to all breeds are as undesirable in the Siberian Husky as in any other breed, even though they are not specifically mentioned herein. Disqualification Dogs over 23½ inches and *****es over 22 inches. Approved October 9, 1990 Effective November 28, 1990
西伯利亚雪橇标准 工作犬组 一般外观: 西伯利亚雪橇犬属于中型工作犬，脚步轻快，动作优美。身体紧凑，有着很厚的被毛，耳朵直立，尾巴象刷子，显示出北方地区的遗传特征。步态很有特点：平滑、不费力。他最早的作用就是拉小车，现在仍十分擅长此项工作，拖曳较轻载重量时能以中等速度行进相当远的距离。他的身体比例和体形反映了力量、速度和忍耐力的最基本的平衡状况。雄性肌肉发达，但是轮廓不粗糙；雌性充满女性美，但是不孱弱。在正常条件下，一只肌肉结实、发育良好的西伯利亚雪橇犬也不能拖曳过重的东西。 大小、比例、外型 高度：雄性，肩高21-23英寸；雌性20-22英寸。 重量：雄性，45-60磅；雌性35-50磅。重量要身高协调。以上的数据代表了高度和重量的极限值，在此极限之外的不能算优秀。骨架过大或超重度会影响比赛成绩。从侧面看，从肩点到臀部最末点的长度要略大于从地面到马肩隆顶点的身高。 不合格：雄性超过23英寸，雌性超过22英寸。 头: 表情坚定，但是友好；好奇，甚至淘气。 眼睛杏仁状，分隔的距离适中，稍斜。眼睛可以是棕色或蓝色；两眼颜色不同如颜色符合标准也可以接受。缺陷：眼睛太斜；靠得太近。耳朵大小适中，三角形，相距较近，位于头部较高的位置。耳朵厚，覆盖着厚厚的毛，脖子连接头部处略微呈拱形，有力的竖起.尖部略圆，笔直地指向上方。缺陷：耳朵和头的比例失调，显得过大；分得太开；竖起不够有力。颅骨中等大小，与身体的比例恰当；顶部稍圆，从最宽的地方到眼睛逐渐变细。缺陷：头部笨拙或过于沉重；头部的轮廓太过分明。Stop（脸上的凹点）－stop十分明显，从stop到末端的鼻梁笔直。缺陷：stop不明显。口鼻长度中等、从鼻子的末端到stop的长度等于从stop到枕骨的长度。口鼻的宽度适中，逐渐变细，末端既不尖也不方。缺陷：口鼻过细或太粗；太短或太长。鼻镜：灰色、棕褐色或黑色犬的鼻镜为黑色；古铜色犬为肝色；纯白色犬可能会有颜色鲜嫩的鼻镜。粉色条纹“雪鼻”也可以接受。嘴唇着色均匀，闭合紧密。牙齿剪状咬合。缺陷：非剪状咬合。 颈、背线、躯体 颈：长度适中、拱形，犬站立时直立昂起。小跑时颈部伸展，头略微向前伸。缺陷：颈部过短，过粗；过长。胸：深，强壮，但是不太宽，最深点正好位于肘部的后面，并且与其水平。肋骨从脊椎向外充分扩张，但是侧面扁平，以便自由活动。缺陷：胸部过宽；“桶状肋骨”；肋骨太平坦或无力。背部：背直而强壮，从马肩隆到臀部的背线平直。中等长度，不能因为身体过长而变圆或松弛。腰部收紧，倾斜，比胸腔窄，轻微折起。臀部以一定的角度从脊椎处下溜，但是角度不能太陡，以免影响后腿的后蹬力。缺陷：背部松弛，无力；拱状的背部；背线倾斜。 尾巴 尾巴上的毛很丰富，像狐狸尾巴，恰好位于背线之下，犬立正时尾巴通常以优美的镰刀形曲线背在背上。尾巴举起时不卷在身体的任何一侧，也不平放在背上。正常情况下，应答时犬会摇动尾巴。尾巴上的毛中等长度，上面、侧面和下面的毛长度基本一致，因此看起来很像一个圆的狐狸尾巴。缺陷：尾巴平放或紧紧地卷着；尾根的位置太高或太低。 前半身 肩部： 肩胛骨向后收。从肩点到肘部，上臂有一个略微向后的角度，不能与地面垂直。肩部和胸腔间的肌肉和韧带发达。缺陷：肩部笔直；肩部松弛。前腿：站立时从前面看，腿之间的距离适中，平行，笔直，肘部接近身体，不向里翻，也不向外翻。从侧面看，骨交节有一定的倾斜角度，强壮、灵活。骨骼结实有力，但是不显沉重。腿从肘部到地面的距离略大于肘部到马肩隆顶部的长度。前腿的上爪可以去除。倾斜：骨交节无力；骨骼太笨重；从前面看两腿分得太宽或太窄；肘部外翻。椭圆形的脚，不长。爪子中等大小，紧密，脚趾和肉垫间有丰富的毛。肉垫紧密，厚实。当犬自然站立时，脚爪不能外翻或内翻。缺陷：八字脚，或脚趾无力；脚爪太大、笨拙；脚爪太小、纤细；脚趾内翻或外翻。 后半身: 站立时从后面看，两条后腿的距离适中，两腿平行。大腿上半部肌肉发达，有力，膝关节充分弯曲，踝关节轮廓分明，距地的位置较低。如果有上爪，可以去除。缺陷：膝关节笔直，cow－hocks，后部太窄或太宽。 被毛: 西伯利亚雪橇犬的被毛为双层，中等长度，看上去毛很浓密，但是不能太长掩盖犬本身清晰的轮廓。下层毛柔软，浓密，长度足以支撑外层被毛。外层毛的粗毛平直，光滑伏贴，不粗糙，不能直立。应该指出的是，换毛期没有下层被毛是正常的。可以修剪胡须以及脚趾间和脚周围的毛，以使外表看起来更整洁。修剪其他部位的毛是不能允许的，并要受到严厉惩罚。缺陷：被毛长，粗糙，杂乱蓬松；质地太粗糙或太柔滑；修剪除上述被允许的部位以外的被毛。 颜色: 从黑到纯白的所有颜色都可以接受。头部有一些其他色斑是常见的，包括许多其他品种未发现的图案。 步态: 西伯利亚雪橇犬的标准步态是平稳舒畅，看上去不费力。脚步快而轻，在比赛场地时不要拉得太紧，应该中速快跑，展示前肢良好的伸展性以及后肢强大的驱动力。行进时从前向后看，西伯利亚雪橇犬不是单向运动，随着速度的加快，腿逐渐向前伸展，直至脚趾全部落在身体纵向中轴线上。当脚印集中在一条线上后，前腿和后腿都笔直地向前伸出，肘部和膝关节都不能外翻或内翻。每条后腿都按照同侧前腿的路线运动。犬运步时，背线保持紧张和水平。缺陷：短，跳跃式或起伏式的步法；行动笨拙或滚动步法；交叉或螃蟹式的步法。 性情: 西伯利亚雪橇犬的典型性格为友好，温柔，警觉并喜欢交往。他不会呈现出护卫犬强烈的领地占有欲，不会对陌生人产生过多的怀疑，也不会攻击其他犬类。成年犬应该具备一定程度的谨慎和威严。此犬种聪明，温顺，热情，是合适的伴侣和忠诚的工作者。 总结: 西伯利亚雪橇犬最重要的特征是中等体型，适中的骨骼，比例平衡，行动自如，特有的被毛，可爱的头部和耳朵，正确的尾巴，以及良好的性格。如果骨骼外观过于夸张或体重超重，步法拘禁或笨拙，被毛长，粗糙都会受到处罚。西伯利亚雪橇犬不能出现超重，外貌粗鲁，以至于像一个做苦功的；或者体重太轻，纤细，类似赛跑犬。无论公母，西伯利亚雪橇犬都表现出强大的忍耐力。虽然这里没有明确指出，但是除了上面提到的那些缺陷，一些适用于所有犬种的明显的身体结构缺陷也适用于西伯利亚雪橇犬的评判。 失格情况: 雄性犬高于23英寸，雌性犬高于22英寸。 标准通过日期：1990年10月09日 标准执行日期：1990年11月 28日